Abstract The jaguar Panthera onca and the Brazilian three-banded armadillo Tolypeutes tricinctus are two threatened mammals that coexist in the Caatinga dry forests and the Cerrado savannas of Brazil. Yet, to the best of our knowledge, interactions between these species have not been reported in the literature. Here, we present the first records of P. onca predation on T. tricinctus from two different areas in the Caatinga in northeastern Brazil. We showed that P. onca can pierce the hard carapace of T. tricinctus, which may be possible due to its distinctly strong bite and associated predation behavior. We argue that P. onca may be the most adapted non-human predator to feed on T. tricinctus, and that the smaller body sizes of P. onca individuals in the Caatinga may increase their likelihood to feed on smaller prey, including T. tricinctus. Thus, the originality of our records is probably more related to insufficient research in the areas where these species coexist than to the rarity of this interaction.

ABSTRACT The mosaic of protected areas of Boqueirão da Onça (8.636 km²), created in the north of Bahia state, is located in the Caatinga, an exclusively Brazilian biome, but exposed to a range of anthropic impacts that threaten its species and natural resources. Few data are available for various zoological groups in Caatinga, including mammals. In order to characterize the community of mammals of this region, considering species richness, we installed 80 camera-trap stations. With a sampling effort of 10,370 camera-days we recorded 28 species (22 wild and six domestic). Opportunistically, we recorded four mammals, resulting in a total richness of 32 species, five of which are included in the global list of endangered species, and seven in the national list. The results are significant, since the richness of wild mammals of the Boqueirão da Onça (S = 26) presented a high value when compared to other Caatinga localities. During the study we found evidence of human activities threatening the conservation of the region, such as poaching and deforestation. Therefore, there is an urgent need in the publication of the Management Plan of the recently created Boqueirão da Onça National Park, to minimize negative impacts on biodiversity and ensure the maintenance of ecological processes.

O presente estudo relata ixodídeos em mamíferos silvestres no Parque Nacional da Serra da Canastra e arredores, no estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil. De julho de 2005 a junho de 2014, foram coletadas 58 larvas, 133 ninfas e 43 carrapatos adultos em 40 eventos de captura de mamíferos de vida livre do Parque e arredores. Nos hospedeiros da ordem Carnivora, foram identificados Amblyomma ovale Koch, 1844, Amblyomma sculptum Berlese, 1888, Amblyomma tigrinum Koch, 1844, Dermacentor nitens Neumann, 1897 e Rhipicephalus microplus (Canestrini, 1888). Em hospedeiros da ordem Xenarthra, foram identificados espécimes de Amblyomma pseudoconcolor Aragão, 1908 e A. sculptum. Este estudo relata os primeiros registros dos ixodídeos D. nitens e R. microplus parasitando Lycalopex vetulus, e A. ovale em Leopardus tigrinus no país. Os achados do presente estudo indicam a proximidade entre os animais domésticos e silvestres causada pela expansão agropecuária no território brasileiro

This research reports ticks on wild mammals from the Serra da Canastra National Park and surrounding areas, in Minas Gerais state, Brazil. From July 2005 to June 2014, 58 larvae, 133 nymphs and 43 adult ticks were collected in 40 capture events of free-living mammals at the Park and surrounding areas. The tick species Amblyomma ovale Koch, 1844, Amblyomma sculptum Berlese, 1888, Amblyomma tigrinum Koch, 1844, Dermacentor nitens Neumann, 1897, and Rhipicephalus microplus (Canestrini, 1888) were identified on hosts of the order Carnivora. Specimens of Amblyomma pseudoconcolor Aragão, 1908 and A. sculptum were identified on the hosts of the order Xenarthra. We provide the first records of D. nitens and R. microplus ticks parasitizing Lycalopex vetulus, and A. ovale on Leopardus tigrinus in Brazil. The findings of this research indicate the sharing of environment by domestic and wild animals caused by agricultural expansion in the Brazilian landscape

Os primatas são animais que possuem elo social entre a mãe e sua prole, diferente de outras ordens de mamíferos. A sobrevivência do infante primata é completamente dependente do cuidado provido por membros de seu grupo social, particularmente do cuidado materno. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a utilização do recinto por um infante de bugio e sua proximidade com os pais. O grupo de bugios era composto por um casal de adultos e seu filhote fêmea com quatro meses de idade. O período de observações foi de agosto a dezembro/2006, perfazendo uma média de 96 horas de esforço de amostragem. O método de observação foi o animal focal com registro instantâneo, com intervalos de 30 segundos durante uma hora por dia. O local do estudo foi o recinto de exposição da Fundação Zoo-Botânica de Belo Horizonte, com 7m de altura, 6 m de largura, 7 m de profundidade com presença de paisagismo interno. As observações revelaram um contato maior do infante com a mãe em relação ao pai e um distanciamento significativo (P < 0,05) do filhote em relação ao contato materno, com o aumento da idade e maior independência. O local mais utilizado durante os três primeiros meses de cativeiro foi a pérgola. No mês de dezembro, período de maior pluviosidade, o filhote aumentou interações ventrais com a mãe, e permaneceu mais tempo no cano. As informações obtidas neste trabalho contribuem para um melhor entendimento em relação aos infantes de Alouatta fusca, suas interações sociais e uso do espaço que podem ser utilizados para aprimorar o manejo ex-situ dos animais, criando melhores condições para a estadia dos mesmos em cativeiro, utilizando-se de estruturas adequadas que simulem o ambiente natural, a fim de garantir o bem-estar dos bugios e assim, a sobrevivência da espécie.

Primates are social animals that have bond between mother and offspring, unlike other orders of mammals. The survival of an infant primate is completely dependent on the care provided by members of their social group, particularly maternal care. The aim of this study was to analyze the use of premises for an infant of monkey and its proximity to the parents. The group of monkeys was composed of a pair of adult female and her pup at 4 months of age. The observation period was from august to december 2006, making an average of 96 hours of sampling effort. The method of observation was the focal animal with instant record, with 30 second intervals for 1 hour per day. The study site was an exhibition space of the Zoo-Botanical Foundation of Belo Horizonte, 7 m high, 6 m wide, 7 m deep with the presence of internal landscaping. The results revealed greater contact with the infant's mother and father in relation to a significant departure (P < 0.05) compared to the puppy's maternal contact with increasing age and greater independence. The most used during the first 3 months of captivity was the pergola. In December, a period of higher rainfall, the chick ventral increased interactions with the mother, and stayed longer in the barrel. Information obtained here will contribute to a better understanding in relation to infants of Alouatta fusca, their social interactions and use of space that can be used to improve the ex-situ management of animals, creating better conditions for the stay of those in captivity, using appropriate structures that mimic the natural environment, to ensure the welfare of apes and thus the survival of the species.